Hi People, The following is my analysis on the Pricing and Promotion strategies of Sun Microsystems.

Pricing Strategy followed by Sun Microsystems: Java

Java is a programming language originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems’ Java platform.

Java is an Open Source Language .i.e. One does not have to Pay Sun Microsystems for downloading the Source code of Java. But then the Questions is: How does Sun Microsystems generate revenue from Java?

In 1996, Sun created Java and the terms under which it is distributed. Since then, the Java Community Process (JCP) has emerged, allowing companies to participate in shaping language changes, but the ownership of trademarks, licensing agreements, branding, and other fundamental product issues remains unchanged. One is reminded of this fact every time the Sun Microsystems^TM trademark appears alongside the Java coffee cup logo, or when one is greeted with the message “brought to you by Sun Microsystems” at www.java.com. For anyone to use the Java-compatible logo on a product requires verification against the test compatibility kit (TCK), for which one has to enter into negotiations with Sun. Java, the technology, the trademark, and the language, are owned by Sun.

The current licensing agreements for Java generate revenue for Sun in two ways; one is through direct fees to its licensees, and the other is through indirect revenue generated off the back end of Java’s success.

Besides the above Java also generates revenue by conducting certificate programs and certifications exams like SCJP, SCJD, etc. Clearing these examinations is just like getting a degree which shows that the degree holder has a good knowledge of Java and these certifications are very important for an IT Personnel’s CV. Sun Microsystems charges around 7200 INR for these examinations

When asked how much income is generated from Java, Jonathan Schwartz, CEO of Sun, replied, “about $13 billion.”

Conclusion

Thus Sun Microsystems have not priced their actual product, but they have priced the services that people would require after using their product.

The reason Sun Microsystems could do this is that there a very few competitors in the market and in spite of the competition, Java is the best among them.

Promotion Strategy followed by Sun Microsystems: Java

Promotion through developers

Prior to java there were many programming languages for different Operating systems, Examples include C, C++, FoxPro, Visual Basic, etc. But there was one major common problem with all these languages; these languages were Platform Dependent .i.e. They had to be compiled differently on different Operating Systems .i.e. If a developer develops a code in C language and compiles the code on say Windows Operating System, then that code would not work on Linux Operating system, thus increasing the burden of the developer to compile the code again for Linux and Other Operating System.

Thus there was a great demand for a Programming Language that is Platform independent during the 1990’s. Sun Microsystems soon captured this Niche Segment of the Developers through its Platform Independent Language Java. On top of that the source code of Java was made open source to the developers all over the world. Any developer could download the source code from the website of Sun and use the code free of cost. Sun Microsystems used the fastest means of distribution .i.e. the Internet as their distribution Channel.

The main idea behind making the source code open source was to push the brand to the developers. Sun Microsystems was aware of the fact that the developers will in turn push the brand to many customers and enterprises, thus creating a cumulative effect, and Sun would earn through Licensing and Certifications. That is what Sun Microsystems is doing these days.

Sun Microsystems has also started a Developer network (SDN) to solve the problem faced by the developers that are using Java. This is to give their target audience a better service and support.

Promotion through software applications and Web servers

Soon after the launch of Java, Sun Microsystems also launched its Internet surfing browser Netscape Navigator which was developed totally on the Java Programming language. This move was taken to show the developers the extent to which Java can be used and how developers can add new features in their software using Java.

Sun Microsystems also developed a Web server called Apache Tomcat server to handle web requests in the form of HTTP. This also facilitated the promotion of Java, as the server was built on the Java Platform. (Please note that: A web server is a computer with equipped softwares where the web sites are hosted).

Again, all these facilitated pushing the Java brand to the Developers which was Sun Microsystems’ Main target.

Publicity

Soon after the launch, the Java source code became very popular among the developers. Many people started discussion forums, blogs & eLearning websites on Java Programming on the Internet. Thus, Java gained a lot of Publicity through its developer network and soon became very popular. Also, the increasing popularity of Java triggered the publishing of articles on Java in the Newspaper and online News portals like Forbes Newsletter, etc.

Conclusion

Thus, Sun Microsystems targeted only the Developer network and pushed the brand to Developers who in turn pushed it to the rest of the world.

Hi guys,

I  found this kool info on forex currency trading….some good secrets are revealed.

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Time management is extremely important when it comes to multi tasking, which is the basic activity which every businessman does these days. To list, some of the top reasons why time management is important are

1. Time is limited. Time is a very special resource in that you cannot store it or save it for later. Everyone gets the exact same amount of time each and every day. If you don’t use your time wisely, you can never get it back.

2. Time is scarce. Most people feel like they have too much to do and not enough time. Lack of time is blamed for everything from not getting enough exercise, poor finances, unachieved goals, too much stress, bad relationships, and even an unfulfilled life. Time management helps you use the time that you do have in better ways.

3. You need time to get what you want out of life. You need time to do almost anything worthwhile in life. Waiting for more free time is a loosing game that almost never results in getting time for what you want. You need to learn how to make time for the things that are important to you. Even if you can only afford to give a small amount of time each week to your goals, you’d be surprised at how much progress you can make.

4. You can accomplish more with less effort. When you become more productive using improved time management skills and tools, you can accomplish more with less effort. Reducing wasted time and effort gives you even more productive time throughout the day. Both of these allow you to make time for a wide range of activities that bring more balance and fulfillment to your life.

5. Too many choices. In this day and age, there are so many ways you can spend your time, that you need some sort of plan to make intelligent choices.

Time management helps you make conscious choices so you can spend more of your time doing things that are important and valuable to you.

 There are various techniques to manage time. All of them are briefed in a Power point ppt and i can be downloaded from the following linlk

Click here to download the ppt

You can use this for your Business communication / soft skills presentation if you are pursuing MBA

Risk and return are always interrelated.

As a Finance manager, It is but obvious that the manager will have to take decisions because of the trade off  between risk and returns.

The presentation for risk and return can be downloaded from the following link

Click here to download the ppt

This case states that there is a sum of money which needs to be invested in different securities so as to maximize the profits and minimize risks. It is particularly based on solver. Some variables are defined then the constraints are defined and then the answer report is generated.

You can find all the solved excel sheets and other related documents from the following link

Click here to download all documents

Leadership is an entire chapter in OB. The entire chapter has been briefed in the following ppt

Click here to download the ppts

Hi,

This case is based on hypothesis testing of proportions. A company has a product whose
sales are declining. The company reforms the product and tst markets it in two cities to find out the change in consumption due to the change in product.

Two samples are taken and then tested whether the samples are distinct or not. Refer the ppt for further details

Click here to download the ppts

Hi,

In this presentation we have discussed the  micro and macro environment for a two wheeler industry by taking bajaj auto as our reference.

Click here to download the ppts

Hi guys,

I have started this new threa for people pursuing Management courses. They need to make ppts on some case studies / other stuffs very frequently.

The case of china long lines is a case in which we have discussed the oil market in China. Its deman, supply, factors affecting the duo, and also, price controlling of oil in china and result of price fluctuations on other industry sectors. The entire case presentation slides can be downloaded fromt he following link

 China long lines PPT